What can cause shock in a person?

Trauma and infections are significant contributors to shock in an individual, making this choice correct. Shock occurs when the body's organs and tissues do not receive an adequate flow of blood, leading to a lack of oxygen and nutrients necessary for proper function.

Trauma can result from physical injury, such as fractures, severe burns, or gunshot wounds, which can lead to substantial blood loss and subsequently decrease the volume of circulating blood. This loss can trigger hypovolemic shock, a type of shock that occurs due to a low volume of blood.

Infections cause shock primarily through sepsis, a severe and life-threatening response to infection. When the body fights off an infection, it can sometimes lead to a systemic inflammatory response that damages blood vessels, causing them to leak and leading to a drop in blood pressure—known as septic shock.

The other options involve factors that do not directly lead to shock in the same acute manner. For instance, noise and chaos might contribute to stress but are not direct physiological causes of shock. Dehydration can lead to low blood volume over time but typically does not lead to shock as rapidly or severely as trauma and infections. Similarly, while sleep deprivation and stress can affect overall health, they are not primary causes of shock