Which surfaces are explicitly mentioned as requiring a clean aircraft concept for safe takeoff?

The correct choice emphasizes the importance of maintaining specific critical surfaces of an aircraft, which include the wings and control surfaces, in a clean state to ensure safe takeoff. These areas are vital for the aircraft's aerodynamic performance. Any contamination, such as ice, snow, or dirt, can significantly affect lift and control, leading to compromised safety during the crucial stages of takeoff and climb.

In aviation, the "clean aircraft concept" asserts that these critical surfaces should be free of any debris and contaminants. This foundational principle helps guarantee that the aircraft performs as expected within prescribed safety margins. Properly functioning wings and control surfaces are necessary for maintaining stability and maneuverability.

While other surfaces such as the fuselage, tail, engine inlets, and landing gear contribute to the overall safety and functionality of the aircraft, they do not directly influence the initial lift and control characteristics during takeoff in the same manner as the critical surfaces do. Hence, the focus on wings and control surfaces is paramount in ensuring that the aircraft is ready for a safe departure.